2026年瑞士酒吧跨年大火
火灾发生第二天的星座酒吧,现场已被封锁 | |
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| 日期 | 2026年1月1日 |
|---|---|
| 时间 | 凌晨01:30[1](欧洲中部时间) |
| 場館 | 星座酒吧(Le Constellation) |
| 地点 | 瑞士瓦莱州克朗-蒙大拿 |
| 坐标 | 46°18′29″N 7°28′07″E / 46.3081°N 7.4685°E |
| 起因 | 由煙花棒點燃天花板引起[2] |
| 死亡 | 40[3] |
| 受伤 | 116[4] |
2026年1月1日,瑞士瓦萊州滑雪胜地克朗—蒙大拿一家名為「星座」(Le Constellation)的酒吧发生爆炸并引发火灾,造成40人死亡,116人受伤。[4][5]
瑞士当局表示火灾可能由插着烟火棒的香槟酒瓶引发[6]。事发后,瓦莱州的重症监护室滿載,部分伤者被送往瑞士其他地区及国外的医院[7]。
背景
[编辑]
一直以来,瓦莱州以旅游业为经济支柱。事发地点“星座”(Le Constellation)兼具酒吧、夜店及咖啡店功能。该酒吧室内可容纳300人,阳台还有40个座位,并设有水烟区和吸菸区,以及多部转播体育赛事的电视机[8]。整个场馆有地面地下两层,地下层设有酒吧,通过一段楼梯与外界相连[9]。酒吧主要面向年轻群体,全年营业[10]。
英国广播公司报道,该酒吧堪称“老字号”,有将近40年历史[11]。2015年,来自法国科西嘉地区的夫妇雅克·莫雷蒂(Jacques Moretti)和杰西卡·莫雷蒂(Jessica Moretti)买下该酒吧,并重新装修;夫妇二人在当地还有其他几处物业[12][13]。瑞士当地媒体注意到游客在评分平台投诉酒吧待客不周,服务人员没有职业素养[8]。2019年1月以來該酒吧就沒有進行過安全检查。[14]
過程
[编辑]
- 通往额外的坐席区
- 大概起火点
- 地下室酒吧区
- 通往地面层的楼梯
- 地面层酒吧区
- 露台
- 出口
火灾发生时,酒吧内有100多人举行跨年活动[16]。瑞士当地庆祝新年的时候一般会点燃烟火,这在欧洲大陆其他国家也很常见[17]。
多名目击者注意到,现场一名女服务员骑在一名酒保的肩膀上[18],头戴盖伊·福克斯面具,双手各持一瓶香槟酒,酒瓶各自插着一支仙女棒[19]。火花引燃了几厘米处的木质天花板,引发火灾[20];现场人员尝试扑灭火苗,但没有成功[21]。法国媒体公布一张照片,显示仙女棒引燃天花板后,火势迅速蔓延[22]。不到几秒钟,现场排队人士就看到浓烟滚滚而出,十秒后又发生爆燃[23]。
现场天花板被隔音棉包裹,消防专家表示隔音棉应采用阻燃劑涂层,否则火势会迅速蔓延[24][25]。此外,隔音棉燃烧会产生大量有毒烟雾[26]。一名目击者表示,“不到10秒”,大火便吞噬了酒吧[20]。官员表示,现场有閃燃现象,即大火释放并点燃可燃气体,这加剧了火灾[27] 。
地下室夜店里的民众挤进拥挤的楼梯,通过一道狭窄的门逃生[28][18]。火灾蔓延速度极快,许多民众无法找到应急出口,只好挤进大门,結果造成拥堵[23]。部分人士打碎窗玻璃逃生;有路过民众上前协助,他表示自己看到大家“从头烧到脚,衣服都烧没了”[18]。部分伤者严重烧伤,残破不堪[23]。
瓦莱州州警表示,当局于当地时间凌晨1点30分收到浓烟从酒吧窜出的报警[29]。警方于1点32分抵达现场,消防人员随后抵达[10]。共有150名应急人员[30]、10台直升机及40台救护车被派往现场[7]。警方封锁克朗-蒙大拿全境,并在上空设立禁飞区[29]。瓦莱州宣布当地进入紧急状态[31]。附近酒吧及瑞银集团分行被辟为分诊中心[10]。
受害者
[编辑]| 國籍 | 死亡[32] | 受傷[33][4] |
|---|---|---|
| 21[註 1] | 69[註 2] | |
| 9[註 3] | 23[註 4] | |
| 6[註 5] | 10[註 6] | |
| 1 | 1[註 7][35] | |
| 1[36] | 1 | |
| 1 | — | |
| 1 | — | |
| — | 4[37] | |
| — | 2[38] | |
| — | 1[37] | |
| — | 1[39] | |
| — | 1 | |
| — | 1[註 8][40] | |
| — | 1[41] | |
| — | 1 | |
| 總計 | 40 | 116 |
大火發生1日後,瑞士当局确认火灾造成40人罹難、116人受伤[4],部分受害者及失踪人士为外国游客[42][43],国籍包括比利时、波黑、芬兰、法国、意大利、以色列(双重国籍)[44]、卢森堡、波兰、葡萄牙、塞尔维亚和捷克[45][46][39]。直升机救援队负责人表示,受害者中有许多年轻人[47]。
当局为受害者家庭设立接待中心及支援热线[30]。空中救护车将伤者送到锡永和日内瓦的醫院治疗,洛桑大学医院和苏黎世大学医院的国家级燒傷中心至少分别接收22名和12名转运伤者[29][48]。瓦莱州的加護病房全部满载,部分病人被送往瑞士其他地区的医院[7][49][50]。瑞士法语区的医院遍布烧伤的病人,当中不乏危殆者[30]。
瑞士当局通过欧盟民防机制发出紧急协助请求[51],有24名病人被送到比利时、法国、德国、意大利[51]和波兰的医院[52]。意大利米兰尼瓜尔达卡格兰达医院开设烧伤专用病区[53] 。
至1月2日,意大利高尔夫球联合会确认一名16岁的高尔夫球手埃馬努埃萊·加萊皮尼(Emanuele Galeppini)在事故中遇难,为首名确认身份的死者[54][55]。伤者还包括法国梅斯足球俱乐部19岁的球员塔希里斯·多斯·桑托斯(Tahirys Dos Santos),他严重烧伤,被送往德国斯图加特的烧伤病房治疗[56][57]。酒吧其中一名老板也在宾客当中,她手臂轻度烧伤,情况无碍[58]。
调查
[编辑]瓦莱州各部部长、当地警方及检察长比阿特丽斯·皮卢(Beatrice Pilloud)在1月1日上午举行新闻发布会[59]。皮卢表示事件排除袭击[29]。当天晚上,瓦莱州政府与到火灾现场视察的瑞士總統居伊·帕姆兰举行第二场新闻发布会。皮卢在会上表示无足够证据来证实或否定任何关于事件性质的观点,同时重申排除袭击[60]。
皮卢表示将调查现场环境是否符合所有安全标准[61]。瑞士的消防安全法规比欧洲其他国家来得严格[62],规定容纳200人及以上的公众场所应设有多个敞开的出口,酒吧必须配备排烟系统,场所家具必须有防火认证,室内烟火表演均需要当局审批,而审批只有在非常严格的条件下才能通过[62]。克朗-蒙大拿镇长尼古拉斯·费罗(Nicolas Féraud)在会上表示,镇府“每年或每隔一年”都会对事发酒吧进行消防检查;至于检查细节,镇长没有透露[12][63]。
事发第二天的记者会上,皮卢表示在检查过现场照片及视频后,“我们大致确认火灾是由插在香槟里、靠近天花板的燃烧蜡烛或烟火棒引起的”[64][65]。事故发生两天后,瓦莱州检察官办公室就酒吧两名经营者涉嫌过失杀人、因疏忽造成人身伤害、过失引发縱火造成启动刑事调查[66]。
事後
[编辑]酒吧旁边设立临时地点供民众悼念[45]。当局表示当地医院的患者數量已達到收治上限,呼吁克朗-蒙大拿镇的民众避免进行滑雪等高风险活动,以免加重医院负担[67]。瑞士聯邦委員會下令联邦政府机构大楼降半旗致哀[68],全国哀悼五天[69]。瑞士联邦主席居伊·帕姆兰推迟新年全国讲话[70],至当天中午才发表,并在谈话中表示“我国正经历史上最严重的悲剧”[71]。为尊重受害者情绪,琉森市取消传统的新年烟火晚会[72]。
各国政要向火灾受害者致哀,表示与瑞士人民同在[73]。联邦主席帕姆兰在讲话中感谢邻国提供燒傷中心[74]。法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙对事件表示“深感震惊”,宣布向瑞士提供物资援助。德国外交部长约翰·瓦德富尔向死者致哀,表示会提供医疗及身份辨认方面的协助。意大利总理喬治亞·梅洛尼表示事件是“整个阿尔卑斯山地区的悲痛时刻”,宣布意大利北部各诊所已进入戒备状态,随时准备救治伤员[75]。意大利外长安东尼奥·塔亚尼于2026年1月2日视察克朗-蒙大拿,赞扬瑞士与意大利在善后处置工作方面的合作[76]。列支敦士登首相布丽吉特·哈斯也向瑞士当局表达关怀之情[77]。中華人民共和国国家主席习近平亦向向瑞士联邦主席帕姆兰致慰问电[78]。
注释
[编辑]参见
[编辑]- 同样因室内燃放烟火导致的酒吧火灾
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- ^ "Il est brûlé à 30% sur son corps": les dernières nouvelles de Tahirys Dos Santos, joueur de Metz grièvement blessé dans l'incendie de Crans-Montana. RMC Sport. 2026-01-02 [2026-01-02] (法语).
- ^ Wiegel, Michaela. Besitzer der Bar in Crans-Montana hatten einen guten Ruf [Owners of the bar in Crans-Montana had a good reputation]. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. 2026-01-02 [2026-01-02] (德语).
- ^ Police statement in full. Sky News. 2026-01-01 [2026-01-01].
- ^ Tote und Schwerverletzte im Wallis: Medienkonferenz mit Guy Parmelin zur Brandkatastrophe [Dead and severely injured in Valais: Press conference with Guy Parmelin on the fire disaster]. Der Bund. 2026-01-01 [2026-01-01]. (原始内容存档于2026-01-01) (德语).
- ^ The Crans-Montana fire: a Swiss tragedy that raises questions. France 24. 2026-01-02 [2026-01-02].
- ^ 62.0 62.1 Baumgartner, Fabian. Nach dem Klubbrand in Crans-Montana: Wie sicher sind Bars und Klubs bei uns wirklich?. Neue Zürcher Zeitung. 2026-01-02 [2026-01-02] (德语).
- ^ Swiss investigators believe sparkling candles atop wine bottles ignited fatal bar fire. AP News. 2026-01-02 [2026-01-02]. (原始内容存档于2026-01-03) (英语).
- ^ Swiss bar fire that killed 40 likely started by sparklers on champagne bottles, officials say. BBC News. 2026-01-02 [2026-01-01]. (原始内容存档于2026-01-02).
- ^ Malta, Times of. Crans-Montana fire likely caused by sparkler in champagne bottle, authorities. Times of Malta. 2026-01-02 [2026-01-02] (英国英语).
- ^ Swiss prosecutors place bar managers under investigation after deadly fire. The Guardian. 2026-01-03 [2026-01-03].
- ^ Fire at Swiss Ski Resort Kills Roughly 40. The Wall Street Journal. 2026-01-01 [2026-01-01]. (原始内容存档于2026-01-01).
- ^ Flaggen auf dem Bundeshaus stehen auf Halbmast [Flags at half-mast on the Federal Palace]. blue News. 2026-01-01 [2026-01-01] (德语).
- ^ Michael, Chris; Harding, Luke; Giuffrida, Angela. Switzerland to hold five days of mourning after 40 killed in resort fire. The Guardian. 2026-01-01.
- ^ About 40 people killed, 115 injured in blaze at Swiss ski resort town. Al Jazeera. 2026-01-01 [2026-01-01]. (原始内容存档于2026-01-02).
- ^ Teenagers as young as 16 among dozens missing after deadly Swiss bar fire. BBC News. 2026-01-01.
- ^ Luzern sagt Neujahrsfeuerwerk ab [Luzern calls New Year's fireworks off]. Luzerner Zeitung. 2026-01-01 [2026-01-01] (德语).
- ^ Brand in Bar an Neujahrsfeier - «Flashover» verursachte Explosionen ++ Weltweite Anteilnahme. Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen. [2026-01-01] (德语).
- ^ President Parmelin in Valais: "You are not alone". blue News. [2026-01-02] (英语).
- ^ «Dunkle Stunde der Schweiz»: Selenski, Macron, Meloni und andere Staatschefs kondolieren Crans-Montana ["Dark hour in Switzerland": Zelenskyy, Macron, Meloni and other heads of state express condolences to Crans-Montana]. Liechtensteiner Vaterland. 2026-01-01 [2026-01-02] (德语).
- ^ Crans-Montana bar fire: Italian minister praises cooperation with Switzerland. SWI swissinfo.ch. 2026-01-02 [2026-01-02]. (原始内容存档于2026-01-02) (英语).
- ^ Crans-Montana: Regierungschefin Haas bietet Unterstützung an [Crans-Montana: Prime Minister Haas offers assistance]. Liechtensteiner Vaterland. 2026-01-02 [2026-01-02]. (原始内容存档于2026-01-02) (德语).
- ^ 习近平就瑞士瓦莱州火灾事件向瑞士联邦主席帕姆兰致慰问电. 新华社. 2026-01-04 [2026-01-05]. (原始内容存档于2026-01-05).
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维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源:2026年瑞士酒吧跨年大火
